1 Glucocorticoid use has several adverse effects that are established risk factors for atherosclerosis, such as hypertension, sodium and fluid retention, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. Glucocorticoids are widely used in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), connective tissue diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, chronic hepatitis, glomerulonephritis, and malignant neoplasms, as well as in organ transplantations. ![]() Former glucocorticoid use was not associated with increased risk (adjusted OR, 1.00 95% CI, 0.96-1.06).Ĭonclusion Current glucocorticoid use was associated with an almost 2-fold increased risk of atrial fibrillation or flutter. The increased risk remained robust in patients with and without pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. Among new glucocorticoid users, the adjusted OR was 3.62 (95% CI, 3.11-4.22) and among long-term users it was 1.66 (95% CI, 1.53-1.80). Current glucocorticoid use was associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation or flutter compared with never use (adjusted OR, 1.92 95% confidence interval, 1.79-2.06). Among 202 130 population controls, 5245 (2.6%) were current glucocorticoid users and 19 940 (9.9%) were former users. Results Among 20 221 patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter, 1288 (6.4%) were current glucocorticoid users and 2375 (11.7%) were former users. We used conditional logistic regression to compute odds ratios (ORs), controlling for potential confounders. We obtained data on glucocorticoid prescriptions within 60 days (current users) or longer before the index date (former users), comorbidity, and medications from medical databases. For each case we selected 10 population controls matched by age and sex. Methods For this population-based, case-control study, we identified all patients with a first hospital diagnosis of atrial fibrillation or flutter from January 1, 1999, through December 31, 2005, in Northern Denmark (population, 1.7 million). We examined whether glucocorticoid use is associated with the risk of atrial fibrillation or flutter.
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